Profile

user

Colin Campbell

Consultant Entomologist.

Short bio

Having graduated with a BSc (2.1) Hons (Horticulture) from Wye College (University of London) in 1969 I remained at Wye for a further four years researching integrated pest management (IPM) opportunities against hop aphid, the key pest of hops in Europe. Owing to hop growers total dependence on synthetic insecticides and their overuse on such a high value crop, the aphid had developed resistance to all of the insecticide groups then available and despite weekly sprays was causing serious crop losses. The IPM programme I developed combined a single pesticide application with the activity of natural enemies, but it was only reliable on cultivars with some inherent aphid-resistance. My PhD was awarded in 1973. I then joined the UK Overseas Development Administration (ODA) funded Cocoa Swollen-shoot Research Project at the Cocoa Research Institute, Tafo, Ghana (CRIG) in 1973 as entomologist among a multidisciplinary team of 7 expatriate scientists. My role was to investigate the ecology of the mealybug vectors of swollen-shoot virus (CSSV) with special emphasis on the importance of dominant ants on the abundance of the several mealybug species that co-existed on cacao, and also to establish whether cacao genotypes differed in any exploitable degree in their inherent susceptibility to mealybug reproduction. That project ended in 1978 and I was recruited to East Malling Research Station (now NIAB – EMR) by AF Posnette, famous for his pioneering work on CSSV and lead assessor of the Ghana project, to further develop IPM strategies against aphid, mite and lepidopteran pests that infest hops. Helped by collaborators and input from my PhD students an effective and reliable IPM programme for hops was implemented whereby commercial hop crops could be grown reliably without pesticides using a combination of host plant resistance, predator manipulation and semiochemicals. I retired from NIAB EMR in 2006, by which time I had been Head of Crop Protection Division for three years and the site’s Pesticides Officer for nine years and had been awarded the Ordre du Houblon (the hop industry’s highest honour). While employed at NIAB EMR I undertook overseas cacao consultancies with ODA and for the Commonwealth Development Corporation. I also evaluated proposals for the European Union CRAFT, Concerted Actions and INCODEV programmes. Since retirement I have maintained my entomological involvement in cacao research as Consultant Entomologist on the Advisory Board of International Cocoa Quarantine Centre, (Reading University) since 2006, and between 2006 – 2011 as a supervisor to a Cocoa Research (UK) funded PhD study on the management of cocoa mirids with sex pheromones at Natural Resources Institute, Greenwich University and CRIG. In addition I have undertaken several research consultancies on behalf of chocolate manufacturers.

Description of research

An ecological entomologist with 50 years’ research experience developing sustainable solutions to pest problems on perennial horticultural crops. Key skills include project assessment, problem solving, experimental design, data analysis and interpretation of results. Authority on the mealybug vectors of cacao swollen shoot virus , the exploitation of sex pheromones for the control of cacao mirid pests and pesticide safety.

Cacao:

Campbell, C.A.M. (1974). The distribution of mealybug vectors of CSSV within trees. Proceedings of the 4th Conference of West African Cocoa Entomologists, Legon, Ghana, 9-13 December 1974, pp. 67-71.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1974). Crematogaster spp., Oecophylla longinoda and the mealybug vectors of cocoa swollen shoot virus. Proceedings of the 5th Conference of West African Cocoa Entomologists, Yaounde, Cameroun, 13-18 December 1976, pp. 133-136.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Bigger, M. (1979).Entomological Research. In Legg, J.T. (Ed.) The cocoa swollen shoot research project at the Cocoa Research Institute, Tafo, Ghana, 1969-1978. A general report. British Overseas Development Administration, London, and the Ministry of Cocoa Affairs, Accra, Ghana, pp. 27-40.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Bigger, M. (1979). Study of the insect vectors of cocoa swollen-shoot virus and allied insects. The cocoa swollen shoot research project. Technical Report Volume 4. Overseas Development Administration, London, 199 pp.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1983). The assessment of mealybugs (Pseudococcidae) and other Homoptera on mature cocoa trees in Ghana. Bulletin of Entomological Research 73, 137-151.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1984). The influence of overhead shade and fertilizers on the Homoptera of mature Upper-Amazon cocoa trees in Ghana. Bulletin of Entomological Research 74, 163-174.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1990). The susceptibility of cocoa to mealybugs (Pseudococcidae) and other honeydew-producing Homoptera in Ghana. Bulletin of Entomological Research 80, 137-151.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1994). Homoptera associated with the ants Crematogaster clariventris, Pheidole megacephala and Tetramorium aculeatum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on cocoa in Ghana. Bulletin of Entomological Research 84, 313-318.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1997) Coccid pests in crops - Cocoa. In: Ben-Dov, Y. & Hodgson, C.J. (Eds). Soft scale insects their biology, natural enemies and control. Volume 7B. World Crop Pests Series, Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 381-384.

 

Wetten, A., Campbell, C. & Allainguillaume, J. (2015). High-resolution melt and morphological analyses of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) from cacao: tools for the control of Cacao swollen shoot virus spread. Pest Management Science 72, 527-533.

 

Sarfo, J.E., Campbell, C.A.M. & Hall, D.R. (2018). Design and placement of synthetic sex pheromone traps for cacao mirids in Ghana. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 38, 122-131.

 

Sarfo, J.E., Campbell, C.A.M. & Hall, D.R. (2018). Optimal density of pheromone traps for mass trapping of cacao mirids. Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 166, 565-573.

 

Sarfo JE, Campbell CAM. & Hall DR (2020) Effect of lure age and blend on sex pheromone trap catches of the mirid Sahlbergella singularis on cacao in Ghana. Crop Protection 138, 105344

 

Temperate perennial horticultural crops:

Campbell, C.A.M. (1977). A laboratory evaluation of Anthocoris nemorum and A. nemoralis (Hem.: Anthocoridae) as predators of Phorodon humuli (Hom.: Aphididae). Entomophaga 22, 309-314.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1977). Distribution of damson-hop aphid (Phorodon humuli) migrants upon hops in relation to hop variety and wind shelter. Annals of Applied Biology 87, 315-325.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1978). Regulation of the damson-hop aphid (Phorodon humuli (Schrank)) on hops (Humulus lupulus L.) by predators. Journal of Horticultural Science 53, 233-242.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1983). Antibiosis in hop (Humulus lupulus) to the damson-hop aphid, Phorodon humuli. Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 33, 57-62.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1983). Selective control of pear psylla. Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Plant Protection, Brighton, 20-25 November, 1983, p 1003.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Farrer, R. (1984). Idling hop gardens. English Hops 4, 12.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1985). Implications for biological control on intensively grown outdoor crops: hops. In Hussey, N.W. & Scopes, N. (Eds). Biological pest control, the glasshouse experience. Blandford Press, Dorset, pp. 192-194.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1985) Has the damson-hop aphid an alate alienicolous morph? Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 12, 171-180.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1985). Pear psylla management in England. Proceedings of the 7th IOBC Symposium on Integrated Plant Protection in Orchards, Wageningen, the Netherlands, 26-29 August, 1985, 190-193.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Easterbrook, M.A. (1985). Insecticides/acaricides for control of pear sucker and rust mite. Tests of Agrochemicals and Cultivars 6, (Annals of Applied Biology 106, Supplement), 18-19.

 

Easterbrook, M.A. & Campbell, C.A.M. (1986). Tests of early season ovicides against mites and insects on apple and pear. Tests of Agrochemicals and Cultivars 7, (Annals of Applied Biology 108, Supplement), 38-39.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Hrdy, I. (1988). Integrated pest and disease control in hops. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin 11/5, 99 pp.

 

Darby, P., Campbell, C.A.M., 1988. Resistance to Phorodon humuli in hops. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin 11, 56-63.

 

Campbell, C.A.M., Easterbrook, M.A. & Fisher, A.J. (1989). Effect of the plant growth regulators paclobutrazol and chlormequat chloride on pear psyllid (Cacopsylla pyricola (Foerster)) and pear rust mite (Epitrimeris piri (Nal.)). Journal of Horticultural Science 64, 561-564

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1990). Introduced predators for biological control of hop pests. Proceedings of the Brighton Crop Protection Conference 1990 4, 333-336.

 

Campbell, C.A.M., Dawson, G.W., Griffiths, D.C., Pettersson, J., Pickett, J.A., Wadhams, L.J. & Woodcock, C.M. (1990). Sex attractant pheromone of the damson-hop aphid Phorodon humuli (Homoptera, Aphididae). Journal of Chemical Ecology 16, 3455-3465.

 

Gunn, R.E., Darby, P., & Campbell, C.A.M. (1990). The search for aphid-resistant hops. Association of Growers of the New Varieties of Hops Annual Booklet, 41-44.

 

Gunn, R.E., Darby, P., & Campbell, C.A.M. (1990). Alternatives to aphicides for hops. Proceedings of the 3rd Aviemore Conference on malting, brewing and distilling, 336-337.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1991). Two-spotted spider mite on hops Association of Growers of the New Varieties of Hops Annual Booklet, 35-37

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1991). Response of Phorodon humuli to yellow and to green hop foliar colours. Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 60, 95-99.

 

Pickett, J.A., Pye, B.J., Wadhams, L.J., Woodcock, C.M. & Campbell, C.A.M. (1992). Potential applications of semiochemicals in aphid control. BCPC Monograph No. 51, 29-33.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1993). Tackling damson-hop aphid - the highly resistant pest on plums: biological control. HDC Project News 21, p7.

 

Campbell, C.A.M., Darby, P. & Morgan, D. (1993). Dynamics of damson-hop aphid on aphid-resistant hop plants. In: Proceedings of the Scientific Commission of the International Hop Growers` Convention, Wye College, 26-29 July 1993, (eds R.E. Gunn & C.P. Green), pp 61-68.

 

Campbell, C.A.M., Pettersson, J., Pickett, J.A., Wadhams, L.J. & Woodcock, C.M. (1993). Spring migration of damson-hop aphid, Phorodon humuli (Homoptera, Aphididae), and summer host plant-derived semiochemicals released on feeding. Journal of Chemical Ecology 19, 1569-1576.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1994). Current research into the control of hop pests and diseases. Ferment 7, 102-104.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Cone, W.W. (1994). Influence of predators on population development of Phorodon humuli (Homoptera: Aphididae) on hops. Environmental Entomology 23, 1391-1396.

 

Darby, P. & Campbell, C.A.M. (1996). Aphid-resistant hops - the key to integrated pest management in hops. Proceedings of the Brighton Crop Protection Conference 1996, 893-898.

 

Hardie, J., Storer, J.R., Cook, F.J., Campbell, C.A.M., Wadhams, L.J., Lilley, R. & Peace, L. (1996). Sex pheromone and visual trap interactions in mate location strategies and aggregation by host-alternating aphids in the field. Physiological Entomology 21, 97-106.

 

Hardie, J., Storer, J.R., Lilley, R., Campbell, C.A.M., Cook, F.J. & Wadhams, L.J. (1996). Sex appeal in aphids. Proceedings of the XXth International Congress of Entomology, Florence, Italy, August 25-31 1996, 374.

 

Hartfield, C.M. & Campbell, C.A.M. (1996). The use of the selective insecticide Pirimicarb for integrated pest management of plum aphids in UK plum orchards. Proceedings of the Brighton Crop Protection Conference 1996, 879-884.

 

Jones, G., Campbell, C.A.M., Pye, B.J., Maniar, S.P. & Mudd, A. (1996). Repellent and oviposition-deterring effects of hop beta-acids on the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae. Pesticide Science 47, 165-169.

 

Lösel, P., Lindemann, M., Scherkenbeck, J., Campbell, C.A.M., Hardie, J., Pickett, J.A. & Wadhams, L.J. (1996). Effect of primary-host kairomones on the attractiveness of the hop-aphid sex pheromone to Phorodon humuli males and gynoparae. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 80, 79-82.

 

Lösel, P., Lindemann, M., Scherkenbeck, J., Maier, J., Engelhard, B. Campbell, C.A.M., Hardie, J., Pickett, J.A. & Wadhams, L.J., Elbert, A. & Thielking, G. (1996). The potential of semiochemicals for control of Phorodon humuli (Homoptera: Aphididae). Physiological Entomology 48, 293-303.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Lilley, R. (1997). Management of two-spotted spider mite on dwarf hops. Proceedings of the Scientific Commission of the International Hop Growers Convention of the 45th International Hop Congress, Zatec, Czech Republic, 29 July - 1 August 1997, 15-20.

 

Hardie, J. & Campbell, C.A.M. (1998). The flight behaviour of spring and autumn forms of the damson-hop aphid, Phorodon humuli, in the laboratory. In: Nieto Nafria, J.M. and Dixon, A.F.G. (eds). Aphids in natural and managed ecosystems. Universidad de Leon, Spain, pp. 205-212.

 

Ridout, M.S., Faddy, M.J., Jones, G. & Campbell, C.A.M. (1998). Markov models of mite movements. Applied Statistics 47, 265-277.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Lilley, R. (1998). Integrated pest management of two-spotted spider mite on hops. Proceedings of the first transnational conference on biological, integrated and supervised controls, Lille, France, 21-23 January 1998, 505-512.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1999). Hop growing. In: The hop guide. Published by HRI/NHA/HortiTech.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Cone, W.W. (1999). Consumption of damson-hop aphids (Phorodon humuli) by larvae of Coccinella transversoguttata and Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Biocontrol Science and Technology 9, 75-78.

 

Lilley, R., Campbell, C.A.M. & Ridout, M.S. (1999). Vertical dispersion of two-spotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae Koch and Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot on dwarf hops. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 1, 111-117.

 

Lilley, R. & Campbell, C.A.M. (1999). Biological, chemical and integrated control of two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae on dwarf hops. Biocontrol Science and Technology 9, 467-473.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Lilley, R. (1999). The effects of timing and rates of release of Phytoseiulus persimilis against two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae on dwarf hops. Biocontrol Science and Technology 9, 453-465.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Lilley, R. (1999). Factors influencing the success of predatory mites in dwarf hops. Proceedings of the Scientific Commission of the International Hop Growers Convention of the 46th International Hop Congress, Pulawy, Poland, 27- 30 July 1999, 111-115.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (1999). Managing pests on dwarf hops. Proceedings of the International Symposium ‘New procedures in hop growing’, Hüll, Germany, 17-18 May, 1999 pp 39-40.

 

Solomon, M.G., Cross, J.V., Fitzgerald, J.D., Campbell, C.A.M., Jolly, R.L., Olszak, R.W., Niemczyk, E. and Vogt, H. (2000). Review: Biocontrol of pests of apple and pears in northern and central Europe: 3. Predators. Biocontrol Science and Technology 10, 91-128.

 

Birkett, M.A., Campbell, C.A.M., Chamberlain, K., Guerrieri, E., Hick, A.J., Martin, J.L., Matthes, M. Napier, J.A., Pettersson, J., Pickett, J.A., Poppy, G.M., Pow, E.M., Pye, B.J., Smart, L.E., Wadhams, G.H., Wadhams, L.J. & Woodcock, C. M. (2000). New roles for cis-jasmone in plant defence against insects. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97, 9329-9334.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Ridout, M.S. (2001). Effects of plant spacing and interplanting with oilseed rape on colonisation of dwarf hops by the damson-hop aphid, Phorodon humuli. Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 99, 211-216.

 

Hartfield, C.M., Campbell, C.A.M., Hardie, J., Pickett, J.A., Wadhams, L.J. (2001). Pheromone traps for the dissemination of an entomopathogen by the damson-hop aphid Phorodon humuli. Biocontrol Science and Technology 11, 401-410.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (2001). Integrated management of damson-hop aphid on dwarf hops. Proceedings of the Scientific Commission of the International Hop Growers Convention of the 47th International Hop Congress, Canterbury, England, 5-7 August 2001, 61-65.

 

Campbell, C.A.M., Pope, T. (2002). Exploitation of semiochemicals for aphid control in the field. Proceedings of the Korea-UK Bilateral Workshop on Chemical Ecology, Seoul, Korea, 20-24 October 2002, 57-62.

 

Barber, A., Campbell, C.A.M., Crane, H., Lilley, R., Tregidga, E. (2003). Biocontrol of two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae on dwarf hops by the phytoseiid mites Phytoseiulus persimilis and Neoseiulus californicus. Biocontrol Science and Technology 13, 275-284.

 

Jones, G., Campbell, C.A.M. , Hardie, J., Pickett, J.A., Pye, B.J., Wadhams, L.J. (2003). Integrated management of two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae on hops using hop β-acids as an antifeedant together with the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis. Biocontrol Science and Technology 13, 241-252.

 

Barber, A., Campbell, C.A.M., Crane, H., Darby, P., Lilley, R., (2003). Cost-benefits of reduced aphicide usage on dwarf hops susceptible and partially resistant to damson-hop aphid. Annals of Applied Biology 143, 35-44.

 

Campbell, C.A.M., Cook, F.J., Pickett, J.A., Pope, T., Wadhams, L.J., Woodcock, C.M. (2003) Responses of the aphids Phorodon humuli and Rhopalosiphum padi to sex pheromone stereochemistry in the field. Journal of Chemical Ecology 29, 2225-2234.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Tregidga, E. (2004). European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) on hops in Kent. Entomologist’s Record and Journal of Variation 116, 219-220.

 

Pope, T.W., Campbell, C.A.M., Hardie, J. & Wadhams, L.J. (2004). Electroantennogram responses of the three migratory forms of the damson-hop aphid, Phorodon humuli, to aphid pheromones and plant volatiles. Journal of Insect Physiology 50, 1083-1092.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Tregidga, E.L. (2005). Photoperiodic determination of gynoparae and males of damson-hop aphid Phorodon humuli. Physiological Entomology 30, 1-6.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Muir, R.C. (2005). Flight activity of the damson-hop aphid Phorodon humuli. Annals of Applied Biology 147, 109-118.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. & Tregidga, E.L. (2006). A transgenerational interval timer inhibits unseasonal sexual morph production in damson–hop aphid, Phorodon humuli. Physiological Entomology 31, 394-397.

 

Pope, T.W., Campbell, C.A.M., Hardie, J., Pickett, J.A. & Wadhams, L.J. (2007). Interactions between host-plant volatiles and the sex pheromones of the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi and the damson-hop aphid, Phorodon humuli. Journal of Chemical Ecology 33, 157-165.

 

Pope, T.W., Campbell, C.A.M., Hardie, J. & Wadhams, L.J. (2007). Treating hop plants with (Z)-jasmone increases colonisation by Phorodon humuli spring migrants. Bulletin of Entomological Research 97, 317-319.

 

Campbell, C.A.M., Tregidga, E.L., Hall, D.R., Ando, T. & Yamamoto, M. (2007) Components of the sex pheromone of the currant pug moth Eupithecia assimilata, a re-emergent pest of hops in UK. Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 122, 265-269.

 

Symmes, E.J., Dewhirst, S.Y., Birkett, M.A., Campbell, C.A.M, Chamberlain, K., Pickett, J.A. & Zalom, F.G. (2012) The sex pheromones of mealy plum (Hyalopterus pruni) and leaf-curl plum (Brachycaudus helichrysi) aphids: identification and field trapping of male and gynoparous aphids in prune orchards. Journal of Chemical Ecology 38, 576-583.

 

Campbell, C.A.M., Hardie, J. & Wadhams, L.J., (2017). Attraction range of a sex pheromone trap for the damson-hop aphid Phorodon humuli (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Physiological Entomology 42, 389-396.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (2018) Influence of companion planting on damson hop aphid Phorodon humuli, two spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae, and their antagonists in low trellis hops. Crop Protection 114, 23-31.

 

Campbell, C.A.M. (2019) New and resurgent insect pests on low trellis hops. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 21, 209-218.

 

Institute

  •  

    NIAB EMR

    • NIAB EMR is the current title for the UK's foremost horticultural research institute since the amalgamation of National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB) and East Malling Research (EMR) in 2018. Previous recent names for the site include 'East Malling Research', 'Horticulture Research International - East Malling' and for about 70 years since its creation in 1914, 'East Malling Research Station'. Government- and private industry-funded multidisciplinary research is undertaken on agronomy, plant breeding, plant physiology, pest and disease management and storage of perennial horticultural outdoor crops.
    • United Kingdom, Maidstone
      NIAB EMR, New Road, East Malling, Kent ME19 6BJ

Research Areas

graph LR RA5[Crop protection, pests & diseases]:::RA5 --> TO36{{Integrated pest management}} classDef RA5 fill:#c561bf,stroke:#fff,stroke-width:1px,color:#fff TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW240(Beneficial insects) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW244(biological control) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW255(Cacao Swollen Shoot Virus) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW235(Chemical ecology) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW256(CSSV) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW200(Distantiella theobroma) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW258(Entomology) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW236(Insect behaviour) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW238(IPM) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW245(mealybugs) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW197(Mirids) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW171(Monitoring) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW239(Natural enemies) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW199(Sahlbergella singularis) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW248(vector biology and transmission mechanisms) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW271(pesticide safety) TO36{{Integrated pest management}} --> KW272(sex pheromones) classDef default fill:#f4f4f4,stroke:#919091
GO TO SEARCH